Artificial Intelligence

About this programme

At the moment, our Artificial Intelligence team is focused on two policy areas:

Focus #1: Fostering an AI talent pool in Europe

The Draghi Report is the latest example of European policymakers recognizing the crucial role of a skilled workforce in driving technological competitiveness. However, many governments still lack effective strategies to upskill, retain, and attract talent, particularly in rapidly evolving fields like AI.

Currently, the European Union heavily relies on international expertise, with an average of 30% of its AI professionals being foreign nationals. This dependence on third-country talent highlights both the global nature of AI development and the urgent need for Europe to nurture and retain its own AI workforce.

We are investigating how Europe can compete globally for talent and are particularly interested in where AI professionals come from, where they migrate to, and what labor market policy incentives could help attract and retain experts long-term. More

Focus #2: AI Systems, Markets & Governance

AI is reshaping our societies and economies at unprecedented speed. This creates an evidence dilemma for policymakers: separating hype from real trends while designing governance that manages real risks and preserves competitive advantage in a global race for AI leadership. Interface’s AI Systems, Markets & Governance Programme examines how technical capabilities, market forces, and governance frameworks interact to shape AI development in Europe and globally – analyzing what AI can do, how companies compete to build it, how capital flows shape priorities, and how policy choices influence outcomes.

Our research provides the empirical foundation for evidence-based governance by integrating technical assessment, market analysis, and policy evaluation. Through rigorous analysis, including quantitative methods, comparative policy research, and expert consultation, we examine how AI systems perform in practice, how market structure influences innovation trajectories, and how regulatory approaches affect both competitiveness and safety outcomes. This allows us to contextualize industry narratives, critically examine claims where necessary, and adapt insights for Europe's policy realities.